{"id":9661,"date":"2020-12-14T07:24:39","date_gmt":"2020-12-14T06:24:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/?page_id=9661"},"modified":"2021-10-29T20:50:49","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T18:50:49","slug":"operacios-rendszerek-tulajdonsagai","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/?page_id=9661","title":{"rendered":"Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek tulajdons\u00e1gai, 2. r\u00e9sz (#281)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9661\" class=\"elementor elementor-9661\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d88062 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d88062\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c452c16\" data-id=\"c452c16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b4ee54 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b4ee54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;slideInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u00a0Friss\u00edtve: 2020 december 14.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff554be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff554be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2e3969\" data-id=\"d2e3969\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a499695 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a499695\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mir\u0151l sz\u00f3l ez a cikk?<br \/>Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer fogalm\u00e1nak \u00e9s feladatainak tiszt\u00e1z\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n n\u00e9zz\u00fck meg, milyen tulajdons\u00e1gokkal b\u00edrtak a m\u00falt \u00e9s b\u00edrnak a ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei. Tekintettel a sz\u00e1mos tulajdons\u00e1gra, ebben a cikkben a marad\u00e9k tulajdons\u00e1gokat ismertetj\u00fck.<br \/><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3732025 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3732025\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-925c167\" data-id=\"925c167\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e5ce59 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"2e5ce59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fab fa-windows&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-brands&quot;},&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;h4&quot;,&quot;h5&quot;,&quot;h6&quot;],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ezen az oldalon nem tal\\u00e1lhat\\u00f3 c\\u00edmsor.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTartalomjegyz\u00e9k\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__2e5ce59\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__2e5ce59\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__2e5ce59\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e94ad00 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e94ad00\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-398e7ea\" data-id=\"398e7ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248b996 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"248b996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;1. Ingyenes vagy fizet\\u0151s oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">1. Ingyenes vagy fizet\u0151s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb4c1db elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb4c1db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc48eb1\" data-id=\"cc48eb1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcabece elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcabece\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e9rj\u00fcnk \u00e1t a k\u00f6zismertebb \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt k\u00f6nnyebben meg\u00e9rthet\u0151 tulajdons\u00e1gokra! Az els\u0151 szempont mindig az \u00e1r, \u00edgy felmer\u00fcl a k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, <strong>ingyenes vagy fizet\u0151s<\/strong>? Nyilv\u00e1n a szabad fejleszt\u00e9s\u0171, ny\u00edlt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek \u2013 mint a Linux k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le disztrib\u00faci\u00f3i \u2013 ingyenesek, azonban ezekhez t\u00f6bbnyire nem j\u00e1r hivatalos t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s, legfeljebb az internetes fejleszt\u0151i \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gben b\u00edzhatunk.<\/p><p>A fizet\u0151s, t\u00f6bbnyire z\u00e1rt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek sem mindig ker\u00fclnek p\u00e9nzbe, hiszen sz\u00e1mos lehet\u0151s\u00e9g ad\u00f3dik oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer beszerz\u00e9s\u00e9re p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul m\u00e1rk\u00e1s, OEM gy\u00e1rt\u00f3t\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3, a polcr\u00f3l leemelt sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9ppel egy\u00fctt kedvezm\u00e9nyes \u00e1ron v\u00e1s\u00e1rolva, vagy ingyenes t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s form\u00e1j\u00e1ban \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a hazai Tisztaszoftver (Microsoft Windows \u00e9s Office) vagy a Jaws k\u00e9perny\u0151olvas\u00f3kn\u00e1l az Orsz\u00e1g licence program keret\u00e9ben.<\/p><p>A k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le okoseszk\u00f6z\u00f6k (tablet, okostelefon, okos\u00f3ra, fitnesz kark\u00f6t\u0151, okosaut\u00f3k fed\u00e9lzeti rendszerei stb.) elv\u00e1laszthatatlan r\u00e9sze az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, hiszen azt gy\u00e1rt\u00f3juk az adott eszk\u00f6zh\u00f6z illesztette, \u00edgy az \u00e1rnak \u2013 \u00e9s a garanci\u00e1nak \u2013 r\u00e9sze az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00e9s a t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s is.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fe6f7b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fe6f7b0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2db6755\" data-id=\"2db6755\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-572b431 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"572b431\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;2. Sz\\u00f6veges vagy grafikus felhaszn\\u00e1l\\u00f3i fel\\u00fcletet haszn\\u00e1l\\u00f3 oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">2. Sz\u00f6veges vagy grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fcletet haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d9d84fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d9d84fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f3bc354\" data-id=\"f3bc354\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11d31b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11d31b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet, angolul a user interface (ejtsd j\u00fazer interf\u00e9sz), r\u00f6viden UI egy oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer azon elemeinek \u00f6sszess\u00e9ge, amely a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3val val\u00f3 kapcsolattart\u00e1s\u00e9rt felel\u0151s.<\/strong> Az els\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek lyukk\u00e1rty\u00e1val, lyukszalaggal, kapcsol\u00f3kkal, nyomtat\u00f3kkal kommunik\u00e1ltak felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3ikkal, ami igazi feh\u00e9rgall\u00e9ros munka volt. A k\u00e9perny\u0151 mint kimeneti, \u00e9s a billenty\u0171zet, majd az eg\u00e9r mint bemeneti perif\u00e9ria megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9vel a kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3 jelent\u0151sen k\u00f6nnyebb lett, \u00edgy megny\u00edlt az \u00fat a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p mindenki \u00e1ltal t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 kezel\u00e9se el\u0151tt.<\/p><p>A kezdeti id\u0151ben a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek \u00e9s a megjelen\u00edt\u00e9st v\u00e9gz\u0151 perif\u00e9ri\u00e1k (k\u00e9perny\u0151, grafikus vez\u00e9rl\u0151) teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye <strong>csak sz\u00f6veges megjelen\u00edt\u00e9st tett lehet\u0151v\u00e9<\/strong>. Az els\u0151 IBM PC kompatibilis sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek fekete h\u00e1tt\u00e9ren z\u00f6ld, feh\u00e9r, illetve \u00e1mbra (narancs) sz\u00edn\u0171 karaktereket tudtak korl\u00e1tozott sz\u00e1mban a k\u00e9perny\u0151re rajzolni az egysz\u00edn\u0171 (monokr\u00f3m) kijelz\u0151k\u00f6n. Ez\u00e9rt a kijelz\u0151k felbont\u00e1s\u00e1t karaktersorban \u00e9s -oszlopban adt\u00e1k meg. A tipikus felbont\u00e1s 25 sorban soronk\u00e9nt 80 karakter volt \u2013 egy-egy karakter a k\u00e9perny\u0151n egy 8&#215;8-as k\u00e9ppontr\u00e1csb\u00f3l \u00e1llt. Ez nyilv\u00e1n olyan oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1t tette lehet\u0151v\u00e9, amely sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel rendelkezett, azt sz\u00f6veges utas\u00edt\u00e1sokkal lehetett kezelni, \u00e9s a rendszer is sz\u00f6veges \u00fczenetekkel v\u00e1laszolt. Ilyen rendszer volt az IBM PC kompatibilis sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszere, vagy az otthoni sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek k\u00f6z\u00fcl a Sinclair ZX81 vagy a Commodore csal\u00e1d g\u00e9peinek be\u00e9p\u00edtett BASIC nyelv\u0171 parancs\u00e9rtelmez\u0151je. Az <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1. \u00e1br\u00e1n<\/a> a Microsoft DOS kezd\u0151k\u00e9perny\u0151j\u00e9re \u00e9s egy tartalmat list\u00e1z\u00f3 dir parancsra l\u00e1tunk p\u00e9ld\u00e1t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-17406bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"17406bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4b75c1\" data-id=\"b4b75c1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09fb613 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09fb613\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tipp:<\/strong> A karakterek z\u00f6ld, \u00e1mbra \u00e9s feh\u00e9r sz\u00edn\u0171 megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9\u00e9rt nem a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p, hanem a k\u00e9perny\u0151 felelt. A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 a dr\u00e1g\u00e1bb t\u00edpusokon egy kapcsol\u00f3 seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a v\u00e1laszthatott a sz\u00ednek k\u00f6z\u00fcl.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f85f035 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f85f035\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-84eb551\" data-id=\"84eb551\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9f607b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d9f607b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet neve angolul Text User Interface, r\u00f6viden TUI. Egy sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel rendelkez\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kezel\u00e9s\u00e9hez elegend\u0151 a billenty\u0171zet.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-785c77c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"785c77c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d3cdc59\" data-id=\"d3cdc59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a05983c elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a05983c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9664\" alt=\"1. \u00e1bra: Az \u00e1br\u00e1n a Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer k\u00e9perny\u0151j\u00e9re l\u00e1tunk egy p\u00e9ld\u00e1t. A DIR paranccsal az aktu\u00e1lis k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r tartalm\u00e1t list\u00e1ztuk.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS-250x141.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">1. \u00e1bra: Az \u00e1br\u00e1n a Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer k\u00e9perny\u0151j\u00e9re l\u00e1tunk egy p\u00e9ld\u00e1t. A DIR paranccsal az aktu\u00e1lis k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r tartalm\u00e1t list\u00e1ztuk.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06f9c69 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06f9c69\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a1f5ca\" data-id=\"5a1f5ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f80c181 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f80c181\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A hardverek fejl\u0151d\u00e9se mag\u00e1val hozta a <strong>grafikus megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t<\/strong>, \u00edgy m\u00e1r nem karaktereket, hanem k\u00e9ppontokat (pixel =picture element) rajzoltak k\u00e9perny\u0151re a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek \u2013 <strong>minden, ami megjelent a k\u00e9perny\u0151n, m\u00e9g a sz\u00f6vegek is, egyedileg vez\u00e9relt k\u00e9ppontokb\u00f3l \u00e1lltak \u00f6ssze<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer eleinte sz\u00f6veges \u00fczemm\u00f3dban, a grafikus \u00fczemm\u00f3dra \u00e1tkapcsolhat\u00f3an, k\u00e9s\u0151bb nat\u00edv grafikus \u00fczemm\u00f3dban indult el, egy seg\u00e9dprogrammal biztos\u00edtva a karakteres fel\u00fclet el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t (konzol). A PC-k \u00e9s p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Commodore 64 otthoni sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p felbont\u00e1sa kezdetben csek\u00e9ly (320 k\u00e9ppont egy sorban \u00e9s 200 sor), \u00e9s a sz\u00ednek sz\u00e1ma is igen korl\u00e1tozott volt. Ma m\u00e1r egy asztali PC k\u00e9perny\u0151je ak\u00e1r 8k, vagyis 8192&#215;4320 k\u00e9ppont felbont\u00e1s\u00fa is lehet, \u00e9s egy k\u00e9ppont ak\u00e1r 16 milli\u00f3 sz\u00edn egyik\u00e9ben pomp\u00e1zhat.<\/p><p>M\u00e1r a 80-as \u00e9s 90-es \u00e9vekben grafikus megjelen\u00edt\u0151kkel \u00e9rkeztek a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek, \u00edgy az IBM PC kompatibilis sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek vil\u00e1g\u00e1ban is megjelentek a grafikus oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek, mint az IBM OS\/2 vagy a Microsoft Windows. A versenyt\u00e1rsak sem t\u00e9tlenkedtek, az Amiga AmigaOS, az Apple MacOS, \u00e9s a Linux k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le ablakkezel\u0151 alrendszerei is terjedtek. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2. \u00e1br\u00e1n<\/a> a Microsoft Windows XP k\u00e9perny\u0151j\u00e9re \u00e9s egy megnyitott parancs\u00e9rtelmez\u0151 ablakra l\u00e1tunk p\u00e9ld\u00e1t.<\/p><p><strong>A grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet neve angolul Graphical User Interface, r\u00f6viden GUI. Egy grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel rendelkez\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kezel\u00e9s\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9g van eg\u00e9rre (grafikus mutat\u00f3eszk\u00f6zre) \u00e9s billenty\u0171zetre.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be5e546 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be5e546\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-32fe59e\" data-id=\"32fe59e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0628c83 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0628c83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9665\" alt=\"2. \u00e1bra: Az \u00e1br\u00e1n a Microsoft Windows XP oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet\u00e9t, vagyis az Asztalt l\u00e1tjuk. J\u00f3l l\u00e1tszik az eg\u00e9rmutat\u00f3 nyila \u00e9s a megnyitott parancs\u00e9rtelmez\u0151ben, konzolban a sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP-250x141.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_2_WindowsXP.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">2. \u00e1bra: Az \u00e1br\u00e1n a Microsoft Windows XP oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet\u00e9t, vagyis az Asztalt l\u00e1tjuk. J\u00f3l l\u00e1tszik az eg\u00e9rmutat\u00f3 nyila \u00e9s a megnyitott parancs\u00e9rtelmez\u0151ben, konzolban a sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b858a77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b858a77\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d852898\" data-id=\"d852898\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c49e179 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c49e179\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Jelenleg mindk\u00e9t felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclet jelen van a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kben.<\/strong> Sz\u00e1mos, els\u0151sorban szakemberek \u00e1ltal \u00fczemeltetett hardver, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a be\u00e1gyazott, h\u00e1l\u00f3zati vagy IoT eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k kezel\u00e9s\u00e9hez, elegend\u0151 egy parancssoros fel\u00fclet. Ma m\u00e1r a nagyk\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, de a szakemberek \u00e1ltal \u00fczemeltetett eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kben is ink\u00e1bb a grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel b\u00edr\u00f3 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek haszn\u00e1lata terjedt el \u2013az\u00a0asztali \u00e9s hordozhat\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9peken, az okoseszk\u00f6z\u00f6k\u00f6n grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel rendelkez\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszereket haszn\u00e1lunk, m\u00edg sz\u00e1mos speci\u00e1lis hardvert (biztons\u00e1gi kamer\u00e1k, h\u00e1l\u00f3zat \u00e9s m\u00e1s IoT eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket) szint\u00e9n grafikus fel\u00fcleten, internet b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151n kereszt\u00fcl kezel\u00fcnk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cdc94b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cdc94b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b498e2\" data-id=\"1b498e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b083468 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"b083468\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;3. Egy- vagy t\\u00f6bbfeladatos oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">3. Egy- vagy t\u00f6bbfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-926f114 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"926f114\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e65fd4d\" data-id=\"e65fd4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50dffb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50dffb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Az els\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek els\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei egyid\u0151ben egyetlen felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e1ltal elind\u00edtott programot voltak k\u00e9pesek futtatni. Az ilyen oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert egyfeladatos, angolul single-tasking oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszernek nevezz\u00fck.<\/strong><\/p><p>Az <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/281-K-Oprendszer-tulajdonsagai-2.-resz_1_MSDOS.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1. \u00e1br\u00e1n<\/a> l\u00e1tott Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul ilyen rendszer volt: a <strong>dir<\/strong> parancsot kiadva meg kellett v\u00e1rni a parancs \u00e1ltal v\u00e9gzett folyamatok eredm\u00e9ny\u00e9t. A\u00a0m\u0171veletv\u00e9gz\u00e9s k\u00f6zben a kurzor elt\u0171nt a k\u00e9perny\u0151r\u0151l, megakad\u00e1lyozva p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul egy \u00fajabb parancs be\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1t. De nem csak a r\u00e9gm\u00falt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei, hanem az els\u0151 mobil-, illetve okostelefonok is egyfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerrel rendelkeztek, <strong>egyszerre csak egy felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i program<\/strong> futtat\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9vel b\u00edrva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a4eeb2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a4eeb2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3475b77\" data-id=\"3475b77\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8f9388 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8f9388\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u00c1lljunk meg egy sz\u00f3ra!<\/strong>\n<strong>A DOS a lemezes oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer angol szavak r\u00f6vid\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9b\u0151l k\u00e9pzett mozaiksz\u00f3: DOS = Disk Operating System.<\/strong> Nev\u00e9t a hajl\u00e9konylemezen forgalomba hozott oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerr\u0151l kapta. Az IBM PC els\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer\u00e9t 1981 j\u00falius\u00e1ban a Microsoft sz\u00e1ll\u00edtotta MS-DOS n\u00e9ven. Nem v\u00e9letlen\u00fcl \u00edrunk mindig felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i programot. Az egyfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek a hardverekn\u00e9l megismert \u00fan. megszak\u00edt\u00e1s-rendszerrel (Interrupt Request, IRQ) k\u00e9pesek id\u0151oszt\u00e1sos \u00fczemm\u00f3dban sz\u00e1mos h\u00e1tt\u00e9rfolyamatot, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket kezel\u0151 eszk\u00f6zilleszt\u0151 programokat futtatni. Teh\u00e1t <b>az egyfeladatos jelz\u0151 az egyszerre, egyid\u0151ben egy futtathat\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i programot futtatni k\u00e9pes oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerekre \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes<\/b>.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d8cf0d1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d8cf0d1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7acede\" data-id=\"e7acede\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a882937 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a882937\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u00e9s\u0151bb a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye \u00e9s hardvere, f\u0151leg a grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel rendelkez\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek elj\u00f6vetel\u00e9vel, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette az <strong>egyid\u0151ben t\u00f6bb felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i program futtat\u00e1s\u00e1t<\/strong>. Az egym\u00e1s ut\u00e1n elind\u00edtott felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i alkalmaz\u00e1sok, a h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben fut\u00f3 rendszerfolyamatok \u00e9s eszk\u00f6zilleszt\u0151 programok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t azonban a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p processzor\u00e1nak sebess\u00e9ge \u00e9s mem\u00f3ri\u00e1j\u00e1nak kapacit\u00e1sa kezdetben jelent\u0151sen behat\u00e1rolta. A mai asztali sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek kor\u00e1ban azonban ez a korl\u00e1t m\u00e1r nincs jelen, k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en a t\u00f6bb processzornak, abban a t\u00f6bb magnak, sz\u00e1lnak, a t\u00f6bb GHz m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si frekvenci\u00e1nak, a 8-16-32GB-nyi RAM mem\u00f3ri\u00e1nak, illetve a gyors mem\u00f3rialap\u00fa h\u00e1tt\u00e9rt\u00e1raknak. <strong>\u00cdgy ma m\u00e1r nem gond, ha p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul irodai programcsomagunk t\u00f6bb alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val dolgozunk, mik\u00f6zben sz\u00e1mos honlap tartalm\u00e1b\u00f3l szemezget\u00fcnk, a h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben elektronikus levelez\u00e9s\u00fcnk bonyol\u00f3dik, ismer\u0151seinkkel cseveg\u00fcnk \u00e9s tweeteket v\u00e1ltunk, zenelej\u00e1tsz\u00f3 sz\u00f3l, az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert friss\u00edtj\u00fck, f\u00e1jlokat t\u00f6lt\u00fcnk le, a v\u00edruskeres\u0151 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9st tart, a felh\u0151t\u00e1rhely\u00fcnk szinkroniz\u00e1lja f\u00e1jljainkat\u2026\u00e9s sorolhatn\u00e1nk m\u00e9g.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c03e28 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4c03e28\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cff2c2b\" data-id=\"cff2c2b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-974619f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"974619f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tipp: <\/strong>Egy adott sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pet naponta, \u00e9veken \u00e1t haszn\u00e1l\u00f3kban gyakran k\u00f6rvonalaz\u00f3dik az az \u00e9rz\u00e9s, hogy egy id\u0151 ut\u00e1n mintha egyre lassabban m\u0171k\u00f6dne az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer. Ezen \u00e9rz\u00e9s val\u00f3s, hiszen <strong>az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek friss\u00edt\u00e9se p\u00e1rhuzamosan zajlik a hardverek fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9vel<\/strong>. Ennek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en az ugyanazon a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen h\u00f3napr\u00f3l h\u00f3napra friss\u00fcl\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer egyre t\u00f6bb szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st, h\u00e1tt\u00e9rfolyamatot, eszk\u00f6zkezel\u0151t kap \u00e9s futtat a h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben. Emellett a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 is egyre t\u00f6bb h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben fut\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1st (pl. v\u00edruskeres\u0151t) telep\u00edt, egyre t\u00f6bb eszk\u00f6zt csatlakoztat a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9phez. Mindezek egyre t\u00f6bb er\u0151forr\u00e1st (processzorid\u0151t, mem\u00f3ri\u00e1t) ig\u00e9nyelnek, \u00edgy a kezdeti n\u00e9h\u00e1ny m\u00e1sodperces rendszert\u00f6lt\u00e9s hossz\u00fa percekre tol\u00f3dhat ki, az alkalmaz\u00e1sok lomh\u00e1bbak, \u00e9s az egyre lassul\u00f3 \u00e9rz\u00e9s m\u00e1ris igazol\u00e1st nyer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ebdaceb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ebdaceb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c9202f\" data-id=\"6c9202f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbea192 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fbea192\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A p\u00e1rhuzamosan t\u00f6bb felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i program futtat\u00e1s\u00e1ra k\u00e9pes oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert t\u00f6bbfeladatos, angolul multitasking oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszernek nevezz\u00fck.<\/strong> Ma m\u00e1r ilyen az \u00f6sszes oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, m\u0171k\u00f6dj\u00f6n ak\u00e1r egy asztali g\u00e9pen vagy egy okoseszk\u00f6z\u00f6n: a Microsoft \u00e9s az Apple k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le Windows \u00e9s OSX, a Linux k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le disztrib\u00faci\u00f3i, az okos\u00f3r\u00e1k \u00e9s okost\u00e9v\u00e9k Android \u00e9s m\u00e1s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei mind t\u00f6bbfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek.<\/p><p>A p\u00e1rhuzamosan fut\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1sok, vagyis feladatok term\u00e9szetesen nem egyszerre, egyid\u0151ben futnak, hanem a processzor idej\u00e9t osztja el, \u00fctemezi az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, hol az egyiknek, hol a m\u00e1sik feladatnak adva \u00e1t a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p er\u0151forr\u00e1sait. Ezt h\u00edvjuk <strong>id\u0151oszt\u00e1snak<\/strong>. Ez \u00edgy van akkor is, ha a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p t\u00f6bb processzort, magot \u00e9s\/vagy sz\u00e1lat tartalmaz.<\/p><p>Az id\u0151oszt\u00e1s k\u00e9tf\u00e9le elven m\u0171k\u00f6dhet:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-82d80ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"82d80ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-00d9e65\" data-id=\"00d9e65\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d28534 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"2d28534\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az <strong>egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 t\u00f6bbfeladatos (cooperative multitasking)<\/strong> oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerben <strong>az egyes alkalmaz\u00e1sok maguk rendelkeznek az id\u0151szeletek felett, \u00fagymond magukat \u00fctemezik<\/strong>: addig haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a processzort \u00e9s m\u00e1s er\u0151forr\u00e1sokat, am\u00edg sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, am\u00edg nem v\u00e9geznek egy r\u00e9szfeladattal, vagy am\u00edg v\u00e1rakoz\u00f3 \u00e1llapotba nem ker\u00fclnek. Ilyen esem\u00e9ny lehet a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 beavatkoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1s, vagy egy elind\u00edtott m\u0171velet elv\u00e9gz\u00e9se (pl. form\u00e1z\u00e1s, sz\u00f6veg g\u00e9pel\u00e9se), vagy egy folyamat felf\u00fcggeszthet\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9re \u00e9rkez\u00e9s. Az egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 t\u00f6bbfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer el\u0151nye, hogy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e1ltal \u00e9ppen haszn\u00e1lt, el\u0151t\u00e9rben l\u00e9v\u0151, akt\u00edv alkalmaz\u00e1s hosszabb \u00e9s\/vagy t\u00f6bb id\u0151szeletet kapva gyorsabban futhat, fokozva a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i \u00e9lm\u00e9nyt, gyorsnak \u00e9reztetve a rendszert. H\u00e1tr\u00e1nya, hogy ha az akt\u00edv feladat lefagy, rendszerhib\u00e1t okoz, akkor mag\u00e1val r\u00e1nthatja az eg\u00e9sz oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert. \u00c9ppen ez\u00e9rt ezt a fajta m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si m\u00f3dot ma m\u00e1r nem haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.  &nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei <strong>kioszt\u00f3<\/strong> <strong>t\u00f6bbfeladatos (preemptive multitasking)<\/strong> elven m\u0171k\u00f6dnek. Ez azt jelenti, hogy nem a feladatok rendelkeznek az id\u0151szeletek felett, hanem <strong>az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00fctemezi, osztja ki azokat<\/strong>, folyamatosan felf\u00fcggesztve az akt\u00edv folyamatot, \u00e9s tov\u00e1bb futtatva egy m\u00e1sikat, a mai sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek gyors k\u00f6zponti egys\u00e9geinek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en \u00e9szrevehetetlen\u00fcl gyorsan kapcsolva egyikr\u0151l a m\u00e1sikra.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1615a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1615a4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d21219d\" data-id=\"d21219d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98dd475 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98dd475\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foglaljuk \u00f6ssze a k\u00e9tf\u00e9le id\u0151oszt\u00e1sos elv k\u00f6z\u00f6tti f\u0151bb k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9geket:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87648ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87648ef\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-358078a\" data-id=\"358078a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c990b3 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"3c990b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A <strong>kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> a processzor id\u0151szelet\u00e9t korl\u00e1tozott ideig osztj\u00e1k ki a folyamatokhoz, m\u00edg az <strong>egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> a processzor idej\u00e9t addig ragadja mag\u00e1hoz egy folyamat, am\u00edg le nem \u00e1ll vagy v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1si \u00e1llapotba nem kapcsol.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A <strong>kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> a v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si folyamatot megszak\u00edthatja az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, m\u00edg <strong>egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> a v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si folyamat v\u00e9g\u00e9t megv\u00e1rja az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A <strong>kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszernek nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1st, <strong>v\u00e1r\u00f3list\u00e1t kell vezetnie<\/strong> a fut\u00f3 folyamtokr\u00f3l. M\u00edg <strong>egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> nincs sz\u00fcks\u00e9g v\u00e1r\u00f3list\u00e1ra.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><strong>A folyamatok fontoss\u00e1gi, priorit\u00e1si sorrendbe rendez\u0151dnek.<\/strong> A rendszerfolyamatok, az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer alapvet\u0151 folyamatai (magfolyamatok, kernel folyamatok) magasabb priorit\u00e1ssal rendelkeznek a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i programokn\u00e1l. <strong>Kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong>, ha egy magasabb priorit\u00e1s\u00fa folyamat gyakran felker\u00fcl a v\u00e1r\u00f3list\u00e1ra, akkor az alacsonyabb priorit\u00e1s\u00fa folyamatok sok\u00e1ig v\u00e1rakozhatnak, ami azok lassul\u00e1s\u00e1t, megn\u00f6veked\u0151 v\u00e1laszidej\u00e9t eredm\u00e9nyezheti. Ilyen folyamat lehet p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a f\u00e1jlm\u00e1sol\u00e1s gyors eszk\u00f6zr\u0151l egy lass\u00fa eszk\u00f6zre, mik\u00f6zben az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer v\u00e1laszideje egy kisteljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen jelent\u0151sen megn\u00f6vekedhet. <strong>Egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l<\/strong> a magasabb priorit\u00e1s\u00fa folyamat t\u00f6bb \u00e9s nagyobb id\u0151szeletet ragad mag\u00e1hoz, kevesebb id\u0151szeletet adva az alacsonyabb priorit\u00e1s\u00fa folyamatoknak. L\u00e1tsz\u00f3lag teh\u00e1t mindk\u00e9t esetben ugyanaz az eredm\u00e9ny, de am\u00edg kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l a v\u00e1r\u00f3list\u00e1ba ker\u00fcl\u00e9s szab\u00e1lyozhat\u00f3, addig egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9sn\u00e9l egy-egy magasabb priorit\u00e1s\u00fa folyamat kontroll n\u00e9lk\u00fcl mag\u00e1hoz ragadhatja az er\u0151forr\u00e1sokat.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az el\u0151z\u0151 pontban le\u00edrtakkal \u00f6sszhangban nem csak az elt\u00e9r\u0151 priorit\u00e1s\u00fa, hanem a kritikus folyamatok kezel\u00e9se is elt\u00e9r. A <strong>kioszt\u00f3 \u00fctemez\u00e9s\u0171<\/strong> oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer rugalmasan j\u00e1r el a kritikus folyamatok v\u00e1r\u00f3list\u00e1ba \u00e9rkez\u00e9sekor, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve azok (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul hiba\u00fczenetek megjelen\u00edt\u00e9se) miel\u0151bbi hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t az id\u0151szelethez, a t\u00f6bbi folyamat priorit\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl. Az <strong>egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fctemez\u00e9s<\/strong> ezzel szemben \u00e9rz\u00e9ketlen a kritikus folyamatra, az id\u0151szeletet birtokl\u00f3 folyamat zavartalanul fut tov\u00e1bb.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bb7da8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bb7da8f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc6be19\" data-id=\"dc6be19\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f61f88 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"2f61f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;4. Egy- vagy t\\u00f6bbfelhaszn\\u00e1l\\u00f3s oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">4. Egy- vagy t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43322c8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43322c8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51d4fc7\" data-id=\"51d4fc7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41feaff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41feaff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Az <strong>egyfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> nem k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztetik meg a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p el\u00e9 le\u00fcl\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3t, mindenkit egynek, azonosnak tekintve, ugyanazokkal a \u2013 t\u00f6bbnyire teljes \u2013 jogokkal ell\u00e1tva. Az els\u0151 otthoni \u00e9s irodai sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei mind egyfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3sak voltak, \u00e9s ilyen volt az IBM PC-k els\u0151 Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszere is. Nyilv\u00e1n egy t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s irodai k\u00f6rnyezetben ez h\u00e1tr\u00e1ny, hiszen a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9phez \u00e9s a rajta t\u00e1rolt adatokhoz b\u00e1rki hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rhetett, \u00e9s nem volt lehet\u0151s\u00e9g t\u00e1voz\u00e1skor sem a rendszert v\u00e9delem al\u00e1 helyezni. A v\u00e9delem hi\u00e1nya miatt az egyfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek szoftveresen igen t\u00e1madhat\u00f3nak bizonyultak, hiszen b\u00e1rmilyen programv\u00edrus azonnal hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rt a teljes rendszerhez.<\/p><p>Ezeket a biztons\u00e1gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat felismerve a ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei mind <strong>t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3sak<\/strong>. Ez jelenti egyr\u00e9szt a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k, m\u00e1sr\u00e9szt az alkalmaz\u00e1sok, valamint a rendszerfolyamatok tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9geinek korl\u00e1toz\u00e1s\u00e1t. <strong>Mindh\u00e1rom csoport felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3kot, \u00e9s ahhoz rendelt er\u0151forr\u00e1sokat (t\u00e1rhely, rendszerfolyamatok v\u00e9gz\u00e9se, jogosults\u00e1gi k\u00f6r) kap.<\/strong> Az\u00a0oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer elind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en a\u00a0felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak be kell jelentkeznie a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3kba, az \u00e1ltala elind\u00edtott alkalmaz\u00e1sok pedig a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3khoz rendelt jogosults\u00e1gokkal futnak. A rendszerfolyamatok szint\u00e9n saj\u00e1t fi\u00f3kkal rendelkeznek, amit az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00e1ll\u00edt be. <strong>A fi\u00f3kokhoz rendelt jogosults\u00e1gok vagy \u00fagynevezett rendszergazdai, mindent megenged\u0151 jogok, vagy korl\u00e1tozott, \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos jogok lehetnek.<\/strong><\/p><p>A t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s tulajdons\u00e1g azt is jelenti, hogy <strong>egy oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerben t\u00f6bb felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 rendelkezik saj\u00e1t fi\u00f3kkal, hanem azt is, hogy egy felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 t\u00f6bb fi\u00f3kot k\u00e9sz\u00edthet mag\u00e1nak<\/strong>, ak\u00e1r elt\u00e9r\u0151 jogosults\u00e1gokkal. A\u00a0szakemberek nem gy\u0151zik hangs\u00falyozni az ut\u00f3bbi fontoss\u00e1g\u00e1t, er\u0151sen aj\u00e1nlva, hogy saj\u00e1t sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p\u00e9n mindenki legal\u00e1bb kett\u0151 fi\u00f3kot haszn\u00e1ljon: egyet a napi munk\u00e1ra korl\u00e1tozott jogokkal \u00e9s egy rendszergazdai jogokkal b\u00edr\u00f3 fi\u00f3kot sz\u00fcks\u00e9g eset\u00e9re. Ezzel a m\u00f3dszerrel jelent\u0151sen n\u00f6velhet\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p\u00fcnk biztons\u00e1ga, \u00e9s az elfelejtett jelsz\u00f3 ellen is v\u00e9d.<\/p><p>Nagyv\u00e1llalati k\u00f6rnyezetben haszn\u00e1lnak <strong>v\u00e1ndorl\u00f3 (roaming) felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3kokat<\/strong> is a munkahelyen csak id\u0151nk\u00e9nt megjelen\u0151 munkat\u00e1rsaknak \u2013 sz\u00e1mukra ugyanis nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges dedik\u00e1lt munkahelyet l\u00e9tes\u00edteni, elegend\u0151 egy \u00e9ppen szabad sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p el\u00e9 le\u00fcltetni. Sikeres bejelentkez\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en a fi\u00f3kj\u00e1t (benne a be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokkal \u00e9s az alkalmaz\u00e1sokkal) egy k\u00f6zponti sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pr\u0151l t\u00f6lti le az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pre, majd t\u00f6rli azokat a kijelentkez\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en. \u00cdgy a munk\u00e1ra fenntartott t\u00e9r kisebb lehet, nem kell mindenkinek helyet \u00e9s sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pet biztos\u00edtani, kisebb lehet a beker\u00fcl\u00e9si \u00e9s a fenntart\u00e1si k\u00f6lts\u00e9g.<\/p><p>Hasonl\u00f3an vannak be\u00e1ll\u00edtva az internetes k\u00e1v\u00e9h\u00e1zak \u00e9s m\u00e1s ny\u00edlt el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u0171 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei is: a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 igen korl\u00e1tozott jogokkal b\u00edr\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3kot kap, amely csak az enged\u00e9lyezett alkalmaz\u00e1sokhoz \u00e9s folyamatokhoz ad hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87249be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87249be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-457325a\" data-id=\"457325a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bfe272 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"2bfe272\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;5. K\\u00f6nnyen kezelhet\\u0151 oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">5. K\u00f6nnyen kezelhet\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff147ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff147ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6874a33\" data-id=\"6874a33\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1c5508 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1c5508\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei m\u00e1r t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a megv\u00e1ltozott munkak\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u0171 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3kat, \u00edgy a l\u00e1t\u00e1s-, a hall\u00e1s- \u00e9s a mozg\u00e1ss\u00e9r\u00fclt embert\u00e1rsaink sz\u00e1mos <strong>haszn\u00e1latot k\u00f6nny\u00edt\u0151 lehet\u0151s\u00e9ggel<\/strong> tal\u00e1lkoznak. A\u00a0kontrasztos k\u00e9perny\u0151s megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s, az eg\u00e9rmutat\u00f3 \u00e9s a billenty\u0171zet haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t megk\u00f6nny\u00edt\u0151 megold\u00e1sok, az elhangzottak feliratoz\u00e1sa, a k\u00e9perny\u0151tartalom felolvas\u00e1sa majdnem minden oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer r\u00e9sze. \u0150k \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k is hasznosnak tal\u00e1lj\u00e1k a\u00a0mesters\u00e9ges intelligenci\u00e1val (Artificial Intelligence, AI) megt\u00e1mogatott digit\u00e1lis asszisztenseket (Amazon Alexa, Apple Siri, Google Assistant, Microsoft Cortana, Samsung Bixby), amelyekkel az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer sz\u00f3ban utas\u00edthat\u00f3 \u00e9s diktafonnak haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Terjed\u0151ben a virtu\u00e1lis (Virtual Reality, VR) \u00e9s a kib\u0151v\u00edtett vagy kiterjesztett val\u00f3s\u00e1g (Augmented Reality, AR) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa is, amely a l\u00e1t\u00e1ss\u00e9r\u00fclt \u00e9s eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00fajszer\u0171 megjelen\u00edt\u00e9si \u00e9s kezel\u00e9si m\u00f3dokat k\u00edn\u00e1l fel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-482a401 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"482a401\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d5c1de0\" data-id=\"d5c1de0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca16dcd elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"ca16dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;6. A h\\u00e1l\\u00f3zatokat kezelni k\\u00e9pes oper\\u00e1ci\\u00f3s rendszerek&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">6. A h\u00e1l\u00f3zatokat kezelni k\u00e9pes oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8dd19b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8dd19b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38dac8b\" data-id=\"38dac8b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf1fe8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"daf1fe8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Az els\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek nem tudtak egym\u00e1ssal kommunik\u00e1lni, nem ismertek semmif\u00e9le h\u00e1l\u00f3zati kapcsolattart\u00e1si m\u00f3dot. Term\u00e9szetesen amat\u0151r pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sok t\u00f6rt\u00e9ntek arra, hogy p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az otthoni sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9peket helyi h\u00e1l\u00f3zatba k\u00f6ss\u00e9k, de ezek t\u00f6bbnyire egyedi megold\u00e1sok maradtak. Az\u00a0Internet, akkor m\u00e9g ARPANET, a katon\u00e1k \u00e9s a feh\u00e9rgall\u00e9rosok j\u00e1t\u00e9kszere volt, a nagyk\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9g m\u00e9g nem is hallott r\u00f3la. Az IBM PC-k Microsoft DOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszere sem ismerte a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatot.<\/p><p>Persze ez nem tartott sok\u00e1ig, a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati \u00e1tvitel szabv\u00e1nyos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vette a k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le lefedetts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e9s kiterjed\u00e9s\u0171 h\u00e1l\u00f3zatok (LAN, MAN \u00e9s WAN, majd az Internet) ki\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se, a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges csatlakoz\u00f3k, h\u00e1l\u00f3zati k\u00e1rty\u00e1k kifejleszt\u00e9se \u00e9s sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pekbe \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se. Ma m\u00e1r nincs olyan sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p \u00e9s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, amely ne ismern\u00e9 a k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le h\u00e1l\u00f3zati kapcsolattart\u00e1si m\u00f3dokat: az Ethernet szabv\u00e1ny\u00fa vezet\u00e9kes, valamint a GSM, a Wi-Fi \u00e9s a Bluetooth r\u00e1di\u00f3s rendszert.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-33c60fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"33c60fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-330465b\" data-id=\"330465b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3c3891 elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"d3c3891\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;curly&quot;,&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;7. \\u00d6sszefoglal\\u00e1s&quot;,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:1200,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">7. \u00d6sszefoglal\u00e1s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-114d0bb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"114d0bb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cfc8128\" data-id=\"cfc8128\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f95e10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f95e10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A k\u00e9t r\u00e9sz v\u00e9g\u00e9re \u00e9rve soroljuk fel, milyenek lehetnek az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek! Osszuk kett\u00e9 a tulajdons\u00e1gokat az \u00e1tlagfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k \u00e9s a m\u0171szaki \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9s\u0171ek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00e9rdekes szempontok szerint. Kezdj\u00fck a k\u00f6z\u00e9rthet\u0151bbekkel:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e4d7ef5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e4d7ef5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da153b2\" data-id=\"da153b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b873c9 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"3b873c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><strong>Be\u00e1gyazott vagy lemezes<\/strong>, fixen a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pbe \u00e9p\u00edtett vagy egy cser\u00e9lhet\u0151 h\u00e1tt\u00e9rt\u00e1rra el\u0151zetesen vagy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e1ltal el\u0151- vagy ut\u00f3lag b\u00e1rmikor \u00fajratelep\u00edtett <strong>oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong>.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><strong>Azonnal haszn\u00e1latba vehet\u0151 \u00e9s telep\u00edthet\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> k\u00f6z\u00fcl ma m\u00e1r az ut\u00f3bbiak domin\u00e1lnak, \u00edgy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k maguk v\u00e1laszthatj\u00e1k ki, mely oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerrel akarnak dolgozni, illetve ut\u00f3lag b\u00e1rmikor v\u00e1laszthatnak m\u00e1sikat vagy frissebbet.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A <strong>friss\u00edthet\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> el\u0151nye, hogy az \u00faj szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok \u00e9s a m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sok k\u00f6nnyen \u00e1tvezethet\u0151k, a hib\u00e1k kijav\u00edthat\u00f3k. A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 a friss\u00edthet\u0151s\u00e9ggel mentes\u00fcl az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00faj v\u00e1ltozat\u00e1nak ism\u00e9telt telep\u00edt\u00e9se al\u00f3l. A friss\u00edt\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nhet offline m\u00f3don egy \u00faj telep\u00edt\u0151k\u00e9szlettel vagy online m\u00f3don az internet seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A fogyaszt\u00f3i k\u00f6r egyik legfontosabb szempontja az adott oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer <strong>ingyeness\u00e9ge, \u00e9s \u00e1ra<\/strong>.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Ma m\u00e1r minden oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer <strong>grafikus felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel (GUI) <\/strong>rendelkezik, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a szabad \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00e1st \u00e9s a legk\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9l\u00e9bb vez\u00e9rl\u0151eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t (billenty\u0171zet, eg\u00e9r, \u00e9rint\u0151pad \u00e9s k\u00e9perny\u0151, j\u00e1t\u00e9kvez\u00e9rl\u0151k, szem- \u00e9s k\u00e9zmozg\u00e1st-k\u00f6vet\u0151k, VR\/AR sisakok \u00e9s keszty\u0171k stb.). A <strong>sz\u00f6veges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fel\u00fclettel<\/strong> (TUI) rendelkez\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek egysz\u00edn\u0171 karakterek megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re voltak k\u00e9pesek, vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00fckh\u00f6z parancsokra \u00e9s billenty\u0171zetre volt sz\u00fcks\u00e9g. A grafikus fel\u00fclette b\u00edr\u00f3 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek \u00e1ltal t\u00e1mogatott sz\u00ednsz\u00e1m, k\u00e9pfriss\u00edt\u00e9s \u00e9s k\u00e9ppont felbont\u00e1s folyamatosan n\u0151, m\u00edg a sz\u00f6veges oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek leragadtak a korl\u00e1tozott sz\u00e1m\u00fa sz\u00ednn\u00e9l \u00e9s a 80*25 karaktern\u00e9l.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az <strong>egyfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> egyid\u0151ben csak egy alkalmaz\u00e1st voltak k\u00e9pesek futtatni, m\u00edg a <strong>t\u00f6bbfeladatosak<\/strong> a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p er\u0151forr\u00e1sait\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en tetsz\u0151leges sz\u00e1m\u00fat. A mai t\u00f6bbfeladatos oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek <strong>kioszt\u00f3, preempt\u00edv id\u0151oszt\u00e1sos elven<\/strong> m\u0171k\u00f6dnek, vagyis az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer osztja sz\u00e9t az er\u0151forr\u00e1sokat, \u00edgy a processzor idej\u00e9t is minden fut\u00f3 folyamat k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek, k\u00f6zvetve a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3, alkalmaz\u00e1sainak \u00e9s az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer saj\u00e1t folyamatainak v\u00e9delm\u00e9t, szemben az <strong>egyfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben hi\u00e1nyz\u00f3 v\u00e9delm\u00e9vel szemben a <strong>t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3s<\/strong> tulajdons\u00e1g biztos\u00edtja. A t\u00f6bbfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3ss\u00e1g az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00e1ltal kezelt felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i \u00e9s rendszerfi\u00f3kokban testes\u00fcl meg.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A megv\u00e1ltozott munkak\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u0171, de az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 is sz\u00e1mos, \u00fagynevezett <strong>k\u00f6nny\u0171 kezel\u00e9st biztos\u00edt\u00f3 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st<\/strong> kap a ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer\u00e9t\u0151l, kezdve a l\u00e1t\u00e1s-, hall\u00e1s- \u00e9s mozg\u00e1ss\u00e9r\u00fclteknek sz\u00e1nt szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokt\u00f3l a digit\u00e1lis asszisztenseken \u00e1t a virtu\u00e1lis \u00e9s kiterjesztett val\u00f3s\u00e1g t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1ig.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A ma <strong>h\u00e1l\u00f3zatos tulajdons\u00e1ggal b\u00edr\u00f3 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei<\/strong> k\u00e9pesek m\u00e1s sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszereivel kapcsolatot l\u00e9tes\u00edteni ak\u00e1r vezet\u00e9kes, ak\u00e1r r\u00e1di\u00f3s kapcsolatot l\u00e9tes\u00edtve.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-adadaa4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"adadaa4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b55cf85\" data-id=\"b55cf85\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9af6ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d9af6ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u00f6vetkezzenek a m\u0171szaki jelleg\u0171 tulajdons\u00e1gok:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7769bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7769bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b3592cf\" data-id=\"b3592cf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8ed6a elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"3a8ed6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az <strong>architekt\u00far\u00e1hoz igazod\u00e1s alatt<\/strong> az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer utas\u00edt\u00e1sk\u00e9szlet\u00e9nek a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pet m\u0171k\u00f6dtet\u0151 processzorcsal\u00e1dban elhelyezett mikrok\u00f3dhoz igazod\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9rtj\u00fck. Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert alkot\u00f3 utas\u00edt\u00e1sokat meg kell \u00e9rtenie a processzornak, illetve a processzort a mikrok\u00f3dj\u00e1t ismer\u0151 utas\u00edt\u00e1sokkal lehet vez\u00e9relni. A mai k\u00f6zhaszn\u00fa sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pekben \u00e9s okoseszk\u00f6z\u00f6kben korl\u00e1tozott sz\u00e1m\u00fa processzorgy\u00e1rt\u00f3 term\u00e9ke tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 meg, \u00edgy az igazod\u00e1s nem neh\u00e9z. S\u0151t, az IBM PC kompatibilis sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9peken haszn\u00e1lt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek mindk\u00e9t (AMD \u00e9s Intel) processzorgy\u00e1rt\u00f3 x86-os mikrok\u00f3dj\u00e1hoz igazodnak.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A <strong>modul\u00e1ris oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer<\/strong> azok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra csemege, akik maguk szeretn\u00e9k meghat\u00e1rozni oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer\u00fck k\u00e9pess\u00e9geit. A fogyaszt\u00f3i piacon ink\u00e1bb a <strong>monolitikus oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> d\u00edvnak a \u201eVedd meg \u00e9s haszn\u00e1ld!\u201d fogyaszt\u00f3i szlogen jegy\u00e9ben.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az <strong>oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer ny\u00edlts\u00e1ga<\/strong> szint\u00e9n a guruk \u00e9s a szakemberek kedvelt tulajdons\u00e1ga, akik a t\u00f6bbnyire ingyenesen el\u00e9rhet\u0151 \u00e9s k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gi fejleszt\u00e9sben \u00e9s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sban r\u00e9szes\u00fcl\u0151 forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d birtok\u00e1ban a rendszer m\u00e9ly\u00e9ig hatolva szabhatj\u00e1k ig\u00e9nyeikre oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer\u00fcket. A <strong>z\u00e1rt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszereket<\/strong> az \u00e1tlagfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k szeretik leemelni a polcr\u00f3l.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-windows\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Az <strong>elosztott \u00e9s a virtu\u00e1lis, felh\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek<\/strong> t\u00f6bbnyire a nagyfelhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k, vagyis a v\u00e1llalatok, egyetemek, \u00e1llami int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyek, internetes szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k stb. eszk\u00f6zei, t\u00f6bbezres sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pparkjuk \u00fczemeltet\u00e9s\u00e9hez haszn\u00e1lva azokat.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38c92a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38c92a3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7054f15\" data-id=\"7054f15\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17d3060 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-15494 elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17d3060\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u00c9GE.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5195b9a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5195b9a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5abd72f\" data-id=\"5abd72f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a870e09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a870e09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Infopanel<br \/>K\u00e9sz\u00fclt: 2020 december 14.<br \/>Szint: kezd\u0151, ECDL: M01\/S1\/1.3.2<br \/>Kateg\u00f3ria: Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes alapismeretek \u2192 Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek \u00e9s eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k \u2192 Szoftver \u00e9s szoftverlicenc \u2192 Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer fogalma<br \/><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d04449 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6d04449\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70b4ae7\" data-id=\"70b4ae7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92e344b elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"92e344b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><!-- FeedbackWP Plugin --><div        class=\"rmp-widgets-container rmp-wp-plugin rmp-main-container js-rmp-widgets-container js-rmp-widgets-container--9661 \"        data-post-id=\"9661\">        <!-- Rating widget -->    <div class=\"rmp-rating-widget js-rmp-rating-widget\" role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"rmp-title-9661\">                    <p class=\"rmp-heading rmp-heading--title\" id=\"rmp-title-9661\">                Mennyire tal\u00e1ltad hasznosnak ezt a cikket?            <\/p>                            <p class=\"rmp-heading rmp-heading--subtitle\">                V\u00e1lassz egy csillagot!            <\/p>                <div class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons\">            <ul class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list js-rmp-rating-icons-list\" role=\"radiogroup\" aria-label=\"Rating from 1 to 5\">                                                        <li                            class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list__icon js-rmp-rating-item\"                            data-descriptive-rating=\"Nem \u00e9rintett meg\"                            data-value=\"1\"                            role=\"radio\"                            aria-checked=\"false\"                            aria-label=\"1 out of 5: Nem \u00e9rintett meg\"                            tabindex=\"0\"                    >                        <i class=\"js-rmp-rating-icon rmp-icon rmp-icon--ratings rmp-icon--star rmp-icon--full-highlight\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>                    <\/li>                                                        <li                            class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list__icon js-rmp-rating-item\"                            data-descriptive-rating=\"N\u00e9h\u00e1ny dolgon felcsillant a szemem\"                            data-value=\"2\"                            role=\"radio\"                            aria-checked=\"false\"                            aria-label=\"2 out of 5: N\u00e9h\u00e1ny dolgon felcsillant a szemem\"                            tabindex=\"-1\"                    >                        <i class=\"js-rmp-rating-icon rmp-icon rmp-icon--ratings rmp-icon--star rmp-icon--full-highlight\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>                    <\/li>                                                        <li                            class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list__icon js-rmp-rating-item\"                            data-descriptive-rating=\"\u00c9rdekes volt\"                            data-value=\"3\"                            role=\"radio\"                            aria-checked=\"false\"                            aria-label=\"3 out of 5: \u00c9rdekes volt\"                            tabindex=\"-1\"                    >                        <i class=\"js-rmp-rating-icon rmp-icon rmp-icon--ratings rmp-icon--star rmp-icon--full-highlight\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>                    <\/li>                                                        <li                            class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list__icon js-rmp-rating-item\"                            data-descriptive-rating=\"T\u00f6bbnyire csillog\u00f3 szemmel olvastam\"                            data-value=\"4\"                            role=\"radio\"                            aria-checked=\"false\"                            aria-label=\"4 out of 5: T\u00f6bbnyire csillog\u00f3 szemmel olvastam\"                            tabindex=\"-1\"                    >                        <i class=\"js-rmp-rating-icon rmp-icon rmp-icon--ratings rmp-icon--star rmp-icon--full-highlight\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>                    <\/li>                                                        <li                            class=\"rmp-rating-widget__icons-list__icon js-rmp-rating-item\"                            data-descriptive-rating=\"Hasznos volt minden szava\"                            data-value=\"5\"                            role=\"radio\"                            aria-checked=\"false\"                            aria-label=\"5 out of 5: Hasznos volt minden szava\"                            tabindex=\"-1\"                    >                        <i class=\"js-rmp-rating-icon rmp-icon rmp-icon--ratings rmp-icon--star rmp-icon--full-highlight\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>                    <\/li>                            <\/ul>        <\/div>        <p class=\"rmp-rating-widget__hover-text js-rmp-hover-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>                <button class=\"rmp-rating-widget__submit-btn rmp-btn js-submit-rating-btn\">            K\u00fcldd el az \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9st!        <\/button>        <div aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\">            <p class=\"rmp-rating-widget__results js-rmp-results \">                Szavazatsz\u00e1m: <span class=\"rmp-rating-widget__results__votes js-rmp-vote-count\">1<\/span>, \u00c1tlag: <span class=\"rmp-rating-widget__results__rating js-rmp-avg-rating\">5<\/span>            <\/p>            <p class=\"rmp-rating-widget__not-rated js-rmp-not-rated rmp-rating-widget__not-rated--hidden\">                M\u00e9g nem szavazott senki! Legy\u00e9l az els\u0151, aki \u00e9rt\u00e9keli ezt a bejegyz\u00e9st!            <\/p>            <p class=\"rmp-rating-widget__msg js-rmp-msg\" role=\"status\"><\/p>        <\/div>    <\/div>    <!--Structured data -->                    <!-- Feedback widget -->        <div class=\"rmp-feedback-widget js-rmp-feedback-widget\">  <p class=\"rmp-heading rmp-heading--title\">    Sajn\u00e1lom, hogy ez a cikk nem volt hasznos sz\u00e1modra!  <\/p>  <p class=\"rmp-heading rmp-heading--subtitle\">    Seg\u00edts nekem, hogy jobb legyen ez a cikk!  <\/p>    <div class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__container\">    <p class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__text\">      \u00cdrd le, mit hi\u00e1nyolsz ebb\u0151l a cikkb\u0151l!    <\/p>    <textarea class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__input js-rmp-feedback-input\" rows=\"5\" id=\"feedback-text\"><\/textarea>        <button type=\"button\" class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__btn rmp-btn rmp-btn--large js-rmp-feedback-button\">      Ez a v\u00e9lem\u00e9nyem!    <\/button>    <div class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__loader js-rmp-feedback-loader\">      <div><\/div><div><\/div><div><\/div>    <\/div>    <p class=\"rmp-feedback-widget__msg js-rmp-feedback-msg\"><\/p>  <\/div>  <\/div>        <\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c8bdce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4c8bdce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37ece59\" data-id=\"37ece59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f847ae9 elementor-share-buttons--skin-flat elementor-share-buttons--view-icon-text elementor-share-buttons--shape-square elementor-grid-0 elementor-share-buttons--color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-15485 elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"f847ae9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Megoszt\u00e1s itt: email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-envelope\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_twitter\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Megoszt\u00e1s itt: twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTwitter\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Megoszt\u00e1s itt: facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-facebook\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFacebook\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_print\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Megoszt\u00e1s itt: print\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-print\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNyomtat\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0Friss\u00edtve: 2020 december 14. Mir\u0151l sz\u00f3l ez a cikk?Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer fogalm\u00e1nak \u00e9s feladatainak tiszt\u00e1z\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n n\u00e9zz\u00fck meg, milyen tulajdons\u00e1gokkal b\u00edrtak a m\u00falt \u00e9s b\u00edrnak a ma oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerei. Tekintettel a sz\u00e1mos tulajdons\u00e1gra, ebben a cikkben a marad\u00e9k tulajdons\u00e1gokat ismertetj\u00fck. Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k 1. Ingyenes vagy fizet\u0151s oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek T\u00e9rj\u00fcnk \u00e1t a \u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/?page_id=9661\">Tov\u00e1bb olvasom&#8230; <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9096,"parent":863,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_mc_calendar":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9661","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9661"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9661\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/863"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9096"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fiatluxefel.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}